When dealing with a vulnerability that has already been exploited, organizations need to apply both corrective and compensating controls.
*Corrective controls fix the problem.
*Compensating controls make up for a deficiency (when primary controls cannot be effectively implemented)
*Preventive Controls are essential for proactively safeguarding systems and data by blocking potential threats before they materialize.
Corrective Controls: These are measures taken to fix the underlying problem that led to the incident, preventing a recurrence.
→ Patching the vulnerability directly addresses the root cause, removing the avenue the attackers used.
→ Implementing input validation helps ensure that malicious or malformed data cannot trigger the same or similar vulnerabilities in the future.
Compensating Controls: These are additional safeguards put in place when it's not possible to eliminate the risk entirely. They help reduce the likelihood or impact of a similar incident:
→ Requiring two-factor authentication (2FA) for sensitive data access adds another layer of security. Even if a similar vulnerability were discovered, gaining unauthorized access becomes much harder due to the additional authentication requirement.
A) focuses more on preventive and detective controls but does not directly address the existing vulnerability by patching it.
C) emphasizes detective and data protection measures but lacks direct corrective actions to fix the vulnerability.
D) includes general security enhancements that do not specifically target the identified vulnerability or provide compensating measures for it.