🛡️ Free practice test question from: TCP/IP layers (Security+)

Application Layer: This is the layer closest to the user and their applications. It provides network services to applications. Crucially, it handles:

Formatting: Transforming data into a format that both the sending and receiving applications can understand. This includes data representation (e.g., text, images, video) and structure.

Compression: Reducing the size of the data to be transmitted, which speeds up transfer and reduces bandwidth usage.

Encryption: Converting data into a coded form to prevent unauthorized access. This ensures confidentiality during transmission.

Examples of protocols at this layer include HTTP (web browsing), SMTP (email), and FTP (file transfer).
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A) Transport Layer: Handles reliable end-to-end delivery of data, including segmentation, flow control, and error correction (TCP) or connectionless delivery (UDP).  

B) Network Layer: Responsible for logical addressing (IP addresses) and routing data packets across networks.  

D) Link Layer: Handles physical transmission of data over the network medium, including framing and MAC addressing.