VoIP stands for Voice over Internet Protocol. In simpler terms, it's a technology that allows you to make phone calls over the internet instead of using a traditional phone line.
VoIP converts your voice into digital data packets, which are then transmitted over the internet, just like any other data. On the receiving end, these packets are converted back into sound.
SRTP (Secure Real-time Transport Protocol): This is specifically designed to provide encryption, authentication, and integrity to RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) traffic, which is commonly used for VoIP. It protects against eavesdropping by encrypting the voice data.
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QoS (Quality of Service): QoS mechanisms prioritize network traffic to ensure smooth delivery of time-sensitive data like VoIP. It doesn't provide encryption or security against eavesdropping.
SIP (Session Initiation Protocol): SIP is a signaling protocol used to establish, maintain, and terminate multimedia sessions, including VoIP calls. While SIP can use TLS for secure signaling, it doesn't encrypt the media stream itself.
VAD (Voice Activity Detection): VAD detects periods of silence in a conversation and stops transmitting data during those times to conserve bandwidth. It has no bearing on encryption or security.